Python PyQt Common Widgets

PyQt is a GUI programming toolkit for the Python language, and it is the Python binding for the Qt application framework.

Qt is a cross-platform C++ GUI application development framework, widely used for developing GUI programs.

PyQt provides a rich set of widgets to build user interfaces; these widgets are the basic building blocks for constructing GUI applications.

Basic Window Widgets

QMainWindow

QMainWindow is the main window class, providing a standard application framework:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication

app = QApplication([])
window = QMainWindow()
window.setWindowTitle('Main Window Example')
window.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)  # x, y, width, height
window.show()
app.exec_()

QWidget

QWidget is the base class for all user interface objects:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget

widget = QWidget()
widget.setWindowTitle('Basic Window')
widget.show()

Common Input Widgets

QLabel

Display text or images:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QLabel

label = QLabel('This is a label')
label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 16px; color: blue;')

QLineEdit

Single-line text input box:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QLineEdit

line_edit = QLineEdit()
line_edit.setPlaceholderText('Please enter content...')

QTextEdit

Multi-line text editor:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTextEdit

text_edit = QTextEdit()
text_edit.setPlainText('Multi-line Text Editor')

QComboBox

Drop-down selection box:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QComboBox

combo = QComboBox()
combo.addItems(['Option 1', 'Option 2', 'Option 3'])

Button Widgets

QPushButton

Normal button:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QPushButton

button = QPushButton('Click me')
button.setStyleSheet('background-color: green; color: white;')

QRadioButton

Radio button:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QRadioButton

radio1 = QRadioButton('Option 1')
radio2 = QRadioButton('Option 2')

QCheckBox

Checkbox:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QCheckBox

check1 = QCheckBox('Choice 1')
check2 = QCheckBox('Choice 2')

Layout Widgets

QHBoxLayout

Horizontal layout:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QHBoxLayout, QPushButton

h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
h_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Left'))
h_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Center'))
h_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Right'))

QVBoxLayout

Vertical layout:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QVBoxLayout, QPushButton

v_layout = QVBoxLayout()
v_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Top'))
v_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Middle'))
v_layout.addWidget(QPushButton('Bottom'))

QGridLayout

Grid layout:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QGridLayout, QPushButton

grid = QGridLayout()
grid.addWidget(QPushButton('(0,0)'), 0, 0)
grid.addWidget(QPushButton('(0,1)'), 0, 1)
grid.addWidget(QPushButton('(1,0)'), 1, 0)

Advanced Widgets

QTableWidget

Table widget:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTableWidget, QTableWidgetItem

table = QTableWidget(3, 3)  # 3 rows 3 columns
table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(['Column 1', 'Column 2', 'Column 3'])
table.setItem(0, 0, QTableWidgetItem('Data 1'))

QTreeWidget

Tree widget:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTreeWidget, QTreeWidgetItem

tree = QTreeWidget()
tree.setHeaderLabels(['Name', 'Value'])
root = QTreeWidgetItem(tree, ['Root Node'])
child = QTreeWidgetItem(root, ['Child Node', '123'])

QTabWidget

Tab widget:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTabWidget, QWidget

tab = QTabWidget()
tab.addTab(QWidget(), 'Tab 1')
tab.addTab(QWidget(), 'Tab 2')

Dialog Widgets

QMessageBox

Message dialog:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBox

msg = QMessageBox()
msg.setWindowTitle('Prompt')
msg.setText('This is a message dialog')
msg.setIcon(QMessageBox.Information)
msg.exec_()

QFileDialog

File dialog:

Example

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialog

file_name = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(None, 'Select File', '', 'Text Files (*.txt);;All Files (*)')

Style Settings

PyQt supports using CSS styles to beautify widgets:

Example

button = QPushButton('Style Button')
button.setStyleSheet('''
    QPushButton {
        background-color: #4C7EAF;
        border: none;
        color: white;
        padding: 10px 24px;
        text-align: center;
        font-size: 16px;
        margin: 4px 2px;
        border-radius: 8px;
    }
    QPushButton:hover {
        background-color: #4777A6;
    }
''')
Other Extensions