HTML ISO-8859-1Reference Manual

Character sets supported by modern browsers:

ISO-8859-1

ISO-8859-1 is the default character set for most browsers.

The lower part of ISO-8859-1 (codes between 1 and 127) is the original ASCII character set (digits 0-9, uppercase and lowercase English alphabet, and some special characters).

The upper part of ISO-8859-1 (codes between 160 and 255) contains characters used in some Western European countries and some widely used special characters, all of which have entity names.

Most of these symbols can be used without entity references, but entity names or entity numbers provide a way to express symbols that are not easy to type via the keyboard.

HTML Reserved Characters

HTML and XHTML reserve some characters. For example, you cannot use text containing these characters because browsers may mistake them for HTML tags.

HTML and XHTML processors must recognize the five special characters listed in the following table:

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
      Non-breaking space
¡ ¡ ¡ Inverted exclamation mark
¢ ¢ ¢ Cent sign
£ £ £ Pound sign
¤ ¤ ¤ Currency sign
¥ ¥ ¥ Yen sign
¦ ¦ ¦ Broken vertical bar
§ § § Section sign
¨ ¨ ¨ Spacing diaeresis
© © © Copyright sign
ª ª ª Feminine ordinal indicator
« « « Left angle quotation mark
¬ ¬ ¬ Negation sign
­ ­ ­ Soft hyphen
® ® ® Registered trademark
¯ ¯ ¯ Spacing macron
° ° ° Degree sign
± ± ± Plus-minus sign
² ² ² Superscript 2
³ ³ ³ Superscript 3
´ ´ ´ Spacing acute
µ µ µ Micro sign
¶ ¶ Paragraph sign
· · · Middle dot
¸ ¸ ¸ Spacing cedilla
¹ ¹ ¹ Superscript 1
º º º Masculine ordinal indicator
» » » Right angle quotation mark
¼ ¼ ¼ Fraction 1/4
½ ½ ½ Fraction 1/2
¾ ¾ ¾ Fraction 3/4
¿ ¿ ¿ Inverted question mark

ISO 8859-1 Character Entities

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
À À À Uppercase A with grave accent
Á Á Á Uppercase A with acute accent
   Uppercase A with circumflex accent
à à à Uppercase A with tilde
Ä Ä Ä Uppercase A with umlaut mark
Å Å Å Uppercase A with ring
Æ Æ Æ Uppercase AE
Ç Ç Ç Uppercase C with cedilla
È È È Uppercase E with grave accent
É É É Uppercase E with acute accent
Ê Ê Ê Uppercase E with circumflex accent
Ë Ë Ë Uppercase E with umlaut mark
Ì Ì Ì Uppercase I with grave accent
Í Í Í Uppercase I with acute accent
Î Î Î Uppercase I with circumflex accent
Ï Ï Ï Uppercase I with umlaut mark
Ð Ð Ð Icelandic uppercase eth
Ñ Ñ Ñ Uppercase N with tilde
Ò Ò Ò Uppercase O with grave accent
Ó Ó Ó Uppercase O with acute accent
Ô Ô Ô Uppercase O with circumflex accent
Õ Õ Õ Uppercase O with tilde
Ö Ö Ö Uppercase O with umlaut mark
× × × Multiplication sign
Ø Ø Ø Uppercase O with slash
Ù Ù Ù Uppercase U with grave accent
Ú Ú Ú Uppercase U with acute accent
Û Û Û Uppercase U with circumflex accent
Ü Ü Ü Uppercase U with umlaut mark
Ý Ý Ý Uppercase Y with acute accent
Þ Þ Þ Icelandic uppercase THORN
ß ß ß German lowercase sharp s
à à à Lowercase a with grave accent
á á á Lowercase a with acute accent
â â â Lowercase a with circumflex accent
ã ã ã Lowercase a with tilde
ä ä ä Lowercase a with umlaut mark
å å å Lowercase a with ring
æ æ æ Lowercase ae
ç ç ç Lowercase c with cedilla
è è è Lowercase e with grave accent
é é é Lowercase e with acute accent
ê ê ê Lowercase e with circumflex accent
ë ë ë Lowercase e with umlaut mark
ì ì ì Lowercase i with grave accent
í í í Lowercase i with acute accent
î î î Lowercase i with circumflex accent
ï ï ï Lowercase i with umlaut mark
ð ð ð Icelandic lowercase eth
ñ ñ ñ Lowercase n with tilde
ò ò ò Lowercase o with grave accent
ó ó ó Lowercase o with acute accent
ô ô ô Lowercase o with circumflex accent
õ õ õ Lowercase o with tilde
ö ö ö Lowercase o with umlaut mark
÷ ÷ ÷ Division sign
ø ø ø Lowercase o with slash
ù ù ù Lowercase u with grave accent
ú ú ú Lowercase u with acute accent
û û û Lowercase u with circumflex accent
ü ü ü Lowercase u with umlaut mark
ý ý ý Lowercase y with acute accent
þ þ þ Icelandic lowercase thorn
ÿ ÿ ÿ Lowercase y with umlaut mark
Other Extensions