Linux od Command

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The Linux od command is used to output file contents.

The od command reads the contents of the given file and displays its contents in octal characters.

Syntax

od [-abcdfhilovx][-A <字码基数>][-j <字符数目>][-N <字符数目>][-s <字符串字符数>][-t <输出格式>][-w <每列字符数>][--help][--version][文件...]

Options：

  • -a This option has the same effect as specifying the "-ta" option at the same time.
  • -A<radix> Selects the base to be used for calculating character codes.
  • -b This option has the same effect as specifying the "-toC" option at the same time.
  • -c This option has the same effect as specifying the "-tC" option at the same time.
  • -d This option has the same effect as specifying the "-tu2" option at the same time.
  • -f This option has the same effect as specifying the "-tfF" option at the same time.
  • -h This option has the same effect as specifying the "-tx2" option at the same time.
  • -i This option has the same effect as specifying the "-td2" option at the same time.
  • -j<number of characters> or --skip-bytes=<number of characters> Skips the set number of characters.
  • -l This option has the same effect as specifying the "-td4" option at the same time.
  • -N<number of characters> or --read-bytes=<number of characters> Reads up to the set number of characters.
  • -o This option has the same effect as specifying the "-to2" option at the same time.
  • -s<string character count> or --strings=<string character count> Only displays strings that meet the specified character count.
  • -t<output format> or --format=<output format> Sets the output format.
  • -v or --output-duplicates Does not omit duplicate data when outputting.
  • -w<number of characters per column> or --width=<number of characters per column> Sets the maximum number of characters per column.
  • -x This option has the same effect as specifying the "-h" option at the same time.
  • --help Online help.
  • --version Displays version information.

Examples

Create a tmp file:

$ echo abcdef g > tmp
$ cat tmp
abcdef g

Use the od command:

$ od -b tmp
0000000 141 142 143 144 145 146 040 147 012
0000011

Output using single-byte octal interpretation. Note that the default address format on the left is octal:

$ od -c tmp
0000000   a   b   c   d   e   f       g  \n
0000011

Use ASCII codes for output, noting that escape characters are included.

$ od -t d1 tmp
0000000   97   98   99  100  101  102   32  103   10
0000011

Use single-byte decimal for interpretation.

$ od -A d -c tmp
0000000   a   b   c   d   e   f       g  \n
0000009

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