Many people think Git is too chaotic, or consider it a complex version control system. In fact, this is not the case. This article helps everyone quickly get started with Git.
Getting Started
Before using Git, you need to create a repository. You can use an existing directory as a Git repository or create an empty directory.
To use your current directory as a Git repository, we just need to initialize it.
git init
To use a directory we specify as a Git repository.
git init newrepo
From now on, we will assume you are in the root directory of the Git repository, unless otherwise stated.
Adding New Files
We have a repository, but it is empty. We can use the add command to add files.
git add filename
You can use add... to continue adding more files.
Committing Versions
Now that we have added these files, we want them to actually be saved in the Git repository.
To do this, we commit them to the repository.
git commit -m "Adding files"
If you do not use -m, an editor will appear for you to write your own comment message.
When we have modified many files and do not want to add each one individually, we can use the -a flag to have commit automatically submit local modifications.
git commit -a -m "Changed some files"
The -a option of the git commit command can make allmodified or deleted files that are already managed by Gitbe committed to the repository.
Note carefully: -a will not cause new files to be committed, only modified ones.
Publishing Versions
We first clone a repository from the server and upload it.
git clone ssh://example.com/~/www/project.git
Now after we make modifications, we can push to the server.
git push ssh://example.com/~/www/project.git
Fetching Updates
If you have already pushed as described above, the following command means the current branch automatically merges with the only tracking branch.
git pull
Update from a non-default location to the specified URL.
git pull http://git.example.com/project.git
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Deletion
If you want to delete files from the repository, we use rm.
git rm file
Branching and Merging
Branching is done locally and is fast. To create a new branch, we use the branch command.
git branch test
The branch command does not take us into the branch; it only creates a new branch. So we use the checkout command to switch branches.
git checkout test
The first branch, or main branch, is called "master".
git checkout master
Changes to other branches will not be reflected on the main branch. If you want to commit the changes to the main branch, you need to switch back to the master branch, and then use merge.
git checkout master git merge test
If you want to delete a branch, we use the -d flag.
git branch -d test
Related Articles
- GitHub Concise Tutorial:http://www.example.com/w3cnote/git-guide.html
- Git Tutorial:http://www.example.com/git/git-tutorial.html
Source: http://itmyhome.com/2015/01/git-five-minutes-tutorial