SQLite Syntax

SQLite follows a unique set of rules and guidelines known as syntax. This tutorial lists all the basic SQLite syntax and provides you with a quick introduction to SQLite.

Case Sensitivity

case-insensitivebut there are also some commands that are case-sensitive, such ashave different meanings in SQLite statements.GLOBandglobComments

Comments

SQL comments start with two consecutive "-" characters (ASCII 0x2d) and extend to the next newline character (ASCII 0x0a) or until the end of input, whichever comes first.

You can also use C-style comments, which start with "/*" and extend to the next "*/" character pair or until the end of input, whichever comes first. SQLite comments can span multiple lines.

SQLite Statements

sqlite>.help -- 这是一个简单的注释

SQLite Statements

End.;SQLite ANALYZE Statement:

SQLite ANALYZE Statement:

ANALYZE;
or
ANALYZE database_name;
or
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND/OR Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE Statement:

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE Statement (Rename):

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE Statement:

ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION Statement:

BEGIN;
or
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SQLite COMMIT Statement:

COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX Statement:

CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX Statement:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE Statement:

CREATE TABLE table_name(
   column1 datatype,
   column2 datatype,
   column3 datatype,
   .....
   columnN datatype,
   PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
);

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER Statement:

CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name 
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN 
   stmt1; 
   stmt2;
   ....
END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW Statement:

CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name  AS
SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE Statement:

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );
or
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION Statement:

COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT Clause:

SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE Statement:

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE  {CONDITION};

SQLite DETACH DATABASE Statement:

DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';

SQLite DISTINCT Clause:

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX Statement:

DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE Statement:

DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW Statement:

DROP VIEW view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER Statement:

DROP TRIGGER trigger_name

SQLite EXISTS Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM   table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN Statement:

EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;
or 
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name GLOB { PATTERN };

SQLite GROUP BY Clause:

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING Clause:

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO Statement:

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite Like Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQLite NOT IN Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQLite PRAGMA Statement:

PRAGMA pragma_name;

For example:

PRAGMA page_size;
PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT Statement:

RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX Statement:

REINDEX collation_name;
REINDEX database_name.index_name;
REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK Statement:

ROLLBACK;
or
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT Statement:

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT Statement:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name;

SQLite UPDATE Statement:

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM Statement:

VACUUM;

SQLite WHERE Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM   table_name
WHERE  CONDITION;

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