Kotlin Enum Classes
The most basic use of an enum class is to implement a type-safe enum.
Enum constants are separated by commas, and each enum constant is an object.
enum class Color{
RED,BLACK,BLUE,GREEN,WHITE
}
Enum Initialization
Each enum is an instance of its enum class, and they can be initialized:
enum class Color(val rgb: Int) {
RED(0xFF0000),
GREEN(0x00FF00),
BLUE(0x0000FF)
}
By default, the name is the enum constant name, and the value starts from 0. If you need to specify a value, you can use its constructor:
enum class Shape(value:Int){
ovel(100),
rectangle(200)
}
Enums also support declaring their own anonymous classes with corresponding methods, as well as overriding base class methods. For example:
enum class ProtocolState {
WAITING {
override fun signal() = TALKING
},
TALKING {
override fun signal() = WAITING
};
abstract fun signal(): ProtocolState
}
If the enum class defines any members, you need to separate the enum constant definitions from the member definitions with a semicolon.
Using Enum Constants
Enum classes in Kotlin have synthetic methods that allow you to iterate over the defined enum constants and obtain an enum constant by its name.
EnumClass.valueOf(value: String): EnumClass // 转换指定 name 为枚举值,若未匹配成功,会抛出IllegalArgumentException EnumClass.values(): Array<EnumClass> // 以数组的形式,返回枚举值
Getting enum-related information:
val name: String //获取枚举名称 val ordinal: Int //获取枚举值在所有枚举数组中定义的顺序
Example
enum class Color{
RED,BLACK,BLUE,GREEN,WHITE
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
var color:Color=Color.BLUE
println(Color.values())
println(Color.valueOf("RED"))
println(color.name)
println(color.ordinal)
}
Since Kotlin 1.1, you can useenumValues<T>()andenumValueOf<T>()functions to access constants in an enum class in a generic way:
enum class RGB { RED, GREEN, BLUE }
inline fun <reified T : Enum<T>> printAllValues() {
print(enumValues<T>().joinToString { it.name })
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
printAllValues<RGB>() // 输出 RED, GREEN, BLUE
}
Other Extensions